Lincoln Park Zoo

Common name: Afghan leopard
Latin Name: Panthera pardus saxicolor

Class: Mammals
Order:    Carnivora

Description
One of the larger leopard species, the Afghan leopard can reach up to 2.5 feet tall at the shoulder and weigh up to 155 pounds. Males are typically larger than females. This predator’s distinctive coat features black spots on a light tan coat; the markings are small on the face and head and larger on the body and limbs.

Range
The Afghan leopard is found in the eastern Middle East, with populations in Afghanistan, Iran and neighboring countries.

Status
The Afghan leopard is classified as endangered due to overhunting and habitat loss. Human conflict in the region has also contributed to the animal’s threatened status.

Habitat
This big cat favors hilly and mountainous regions. The carnivore is adept at climbing and ambushing prey on rocky slopes.

Niche
Small mammals, birds and even deer and antelope make up the Afghan leopard’s prey. The species is a solitary—and often nocturnal—hunter, stalking its prey at night.

Life History
Afghan leopard cubs are born after a gestation period of three–four months. The litter typically consists of two cubs.

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Special Adaptations

  • Loose belly skin allows the Afghan leopard to be kicked by prey with little chance of injury.
  • The species’ rough tongue helps it to peel the skin of prey animals away from flesh and flesh away from bone.
  • Long, retractable claws help the leopard to grab and hold prey.
  • The species’ spotted coat breaks up its body outline, making it easier for it to sneak up on prey.
  • Dense hair keeps the Afghan leopard warm in colder climates.